The parental alienation syndrome

the long version

Provides documentation involving 56 children for the 8 characteristic symptoms of PAS as described by Richard Gardner, MD; provides treatment summaries of 16 PAS families involving 32 children using a structural family therapy modality as per Salvador Minuchin, MD; explains why family therapy must be the treatment of choice; and finally, based on interviews with 10 attorneys, recommends that child custody by resolved through a collaborative rather than adversarial model.