The making of Malcolm Lowry's Under the volcano

the long version

Ten years in the making, Under the Volcano is the best-known work of writer Malcolm Lowry. Published first in 1947, it is a brilliant, moving and complex novel, perhaps the last fictional masterpiece to emerge from the modernist movement. As the years went by, Lowry's obsessive rewriting took him further and further into his book, which changed relatively little in the outer semblance of action and main characters but became utterly transformed in texture from the thin and mediocre version of 1940 to the rich tapestry of 1947. The numerous manuscripts allow a look at the processes by which Lowry created not only his master work but also his own reputation as a modernist genius. This study offers an extended examination of the novel's slow development through individual drafts and, in a final chapter, an appraisal of the implications of Lowry's revisions for the book as published that suggests bases for new readings of Under the Volcano.