The Concepts and Logic of Classical Thermodynamics as a Theory of Heat Engines

the long version

The consequences of the existence of a thermal equation of state, the eighteenth century doctrine of latent and specific heats, and Carnot's general axiom are developed here completely and rigorously. The book has conceptual, historical, and pedagogical aims: for those already expert in thermodynamics, it is shown how the traditional theory can be developed, using simple mathematics alone, from natural assumptions about heat engines. The features common to the thermodynamics of Carnot and to Clausius are revealed, and the irreconcilable differences discerned. A clean elementary thermodynamics suitable for beginners is presented: anyone proficient in calculus and with a fair grasp of high-school physics of heat will be able to understand the book fully.