Heretics or daughters of Israel?

the long version

Between 1391 and the end of the fifteenth century, numerous Spanish Jews converted to Christianity, most of them under duress. Before and after 1492, when the Jews were officially expelled from Spain, a significant number of these conversos maintained clandestine ties to Judaism, despite their outward conformity to Catholicism. Through the lens of the Inquisition's own records, this study focuses on the crypto-Jewish women of Castile, demonstrating their central role in the perpetuation of crypto-Jewish society in the absence of traditional Jewish institutions led by men. Melammed finds that even after two, three, and four generations of outward Catholic observance, crypto-Jewish women were still observing an array of Jewish practices and passing them on to their daughters: a century after the Expulsion, they were still reciting converso interpretations of Hebrew psalms and risking their lives to carry on their Jewish tradition. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars in a wide range of disciplines, including Jewish and European history and women's studies.