Analysis of temperate forest ecosystems

Combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Analysis of ecosystems. Studying the effects of environmental factors on ecosystems. Phenology in productivity studies. Biomass and productivity models of forest canopies. A synthesis of studies by the harvest method: primary production relations in the temperatue deciduos forests of Japan. Metabolism of terrestrial ecosystems by gas exchange techniques: the brookhaven approach. Insect influences on the forest canopy. Estimation of the effects of phytophagous insects on forest production. Secondary production of birds and mammals. Soil flora: Studies of the number and activity of microorganisms in woodland soils. The role of soil invertebrates in turnover of organis matter and nutrients. Micronutrientes: Forest ecology and systems analysis. Biological cycling of minerals in temperate deciduos forests. Carbon cycle and temperate woodlands. The water flux in temperatue forests: precipitation and evapotranspiration. Measurement and sampling of outputs from watersheds. Models of the hydrolic cycle.