A question of loyalty

the long version

States that use military conscription and whose ethnic minorities have relatives in hostile countries face a "Trojan horse" dilemma: the state demands military service but mistrusts the loyalty of subjugated community members. Some armies brutalize ethnic recruits; others simply reject them. Alon Peled compares the experiences of Malay-Muslim soldiers in Singapore, Arabs in Israel, and blacks in South Africa. Drawing on his interviews with senior officers and policymakers, he examines the histories of these armies and their experience with ethnic integration. He outlines the process through which minority soldiers have been gradually recruited, trained, integrated, and promoted. Ethnic integration succeeds, Peled argues, when officers formulate manpower policy on the basis of combat needs rather than political concerns.