Maori fortifications

the long version

"The Māori people of New Zealand were experienced field engineers and it was common practice to protect villages with surrounding entrenchments and wooden palisades, known as pās. However, it was not until 1845, with the first fighting between the Māori and the British, that it became clear just how strong and sophisticated the Māori fortifications were. For the best part of 20 years, the Māori held off the dominant and technologically superior British forces, by adapting and developing their defences in response to new British assaults. This book explores the evolution and design of Māori fortifications, and charts the course of a conflict that would ultimately see the British break the Māori pās, leading to a bitter guerrilla bush war"--Back cover.