I acted from principle

the long version

"At the start of the Civil War, Dr. William McPheeters was a distinguished physician in St. Louis, conducting unprecedented public-health research, forging new medical standards, and organizing the state's first professional associations. But he lived in a volatile border state. Under martial law, Union authorities kept close watch on known Confederate sympathizers. McPheeters was followed, arrested, threatened, and finally, in 1862, given an ultimatum: sign an oath of allegiance to the Union or go to federal prison. McPheeters "acted from principle" instead, fleeing by night to Confederate territory. He served as a surgeon under Gen. Sterling Price and his Missouri forces west of the Mississippi River, treating solders' diseases, malnutrition, and terrible battle wounds. Meanwhile, his wife and two children suffered harassment by Federal military officials, imprisonment in St. Louis, and legal and literal banishment.". "From almost the moment of his departure, the doctor kept a diary. It was a pocket-size notebook which he made by folding sheets of pale blue paper in half and in which he wrote in miniature with his steel pen. It is the first known daily account by a Confederate medical officer in the Trans-Mississippi Department. The journal appears here in its complete and original form, exactly as the doctor first wrote it, with the addition of the editors' full annotation and introduction to each section."--BOOK JACKET.